Just north of the town of Barolo is the small village of La Morra. Built on top of a hill with a great view of the surrounding vineyards from Piazza Castello--which also includes a restaurant, Belvedere, Piazza Castello 5, famous for its truffle dishes. There is also a barolo walk called the Path of Barolo of La Morra, that starts in La Morra and takes you on a circular voyage to many of the small wine towns you see from Piazza Castello. There is a wine center in La Morra, where you can purchase local wines and get information on visiting the cantine.
Bra is the home of Slow Food, and an interesting city to visit in itself. Cersasco is know in part of its chocolates, fill up at Giancarlo Torta's Barbero di Cherasco chocolate shop. The town of Barolo itself is delighful to walk; go to the castle and take the tour or get information on self-guided tours of the region.
Serralunga d'Alba has a fine restored castle, from which the views are spectacular. There are restaurants right along the road, so you can park and eat a quick meal here if you wish.
A good place to stay with panoramic view and famous restaurant is Albergo Le Torri in Castiglione Falletto. Chef Maria Cristina holds forth at Le Torre Ristorante, and holds cooking schools for small groups at the restaurant.